Objective To investigate the primary mechanism of neurological dysfunction after blast injury in rats.
Methods There were 32 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group and the blast injury group.The blast injury model was made with TNT explosion.The neurobehavioral score of the two groups were detected by Garcia scoring system.Immunofluorescence staining was used to determine the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons,and immunohistochemistry was used to examine the difference in the expression of ZO-1 protein in two groups.
Results The neurobehavioral scores of rats in blast injury group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The closer to the explosion center was,the lower the neurobehavioral score was.TUNEL test showed that the apoptosis rate of nerve cells in the blast injury group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and immunohistochemical results showed that the positive expression rate of ZO-1 protein in the blast injury group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).
Conclusion Blast injury has an obvious impairment effect on neurological function in rats,which may be caused by BBB damage and neuronal apoptosis.

Objective To studythe effect and prognosis of 35 cases of trigeminal neuralgia treated by percutaneous semilunar ganglion balloon compression.
Methods 70 patients of trigeminal neuralgia who received therapy from June 2018 to June 2019 in our hospital were selected,they were divided into the treatment group and the control group by the random number table,35 cases in each group.The control group was treated with carbamazepine,continuous medication for 1 month,while the treatment group was treated with percutaneous transluminal balloon compression.The clinical effect,the change of visual analogue scale(VAS) and the recurrence rate within 1 year were compared between the two groups,and the safety of treatment was evaluated.
Results After treatment of 1 month,the total effective rate of pain relief in the treatment group was 97.14%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group 80.00%(P＜0.05);the VAS scores of the treatment group at after treatment 1,2 and 4 weeks were significantly lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05);in the two groups of cured patients,the recurrence rate in the treatment group at 6 and 12 months was were significantly lower than that in the control group,and the VAS score at 12 months recurrence was significantly lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05);the main complications of the treatment group were numbness of the operation side,weakness of masticatory muscles and herpes of the mouth,the main adverse reactions of the control group were dizziness,nausea,vomiting and drowsiness.
Conclusion Percutaneous transluminal balloon compression is well for trigeminal neuralgia,which can effectively relieve the pain symptoms,reduce the recurrence rate and improve the prognosis.

Objective To study Curative efficacy of Cerebrospinal fluid circulation reconstruction combined with decompression of bone flap in treatment of Traumatic brain injuryand its effectson intracranial pressure and Hypoxia-inducible factor-1(HIF-1),glial fibrinoacidic protein(GFAP),plasminogen activator(t-PA).
Methods 125 patients with craniocerebral injury who were treated in our hospital from June 2017 to June 2019 were selected and divided into the observation group(n=63) and the control group(n=62) by lottery.The control group was treated with decompression of bone flap,and the observation group was treated with cerebrospinal fluid circulation reconstruction on the basis of the control group.The clinical efficacy,changes in serum HIF-1,GFAP,t-PA,intracranial pressure,Glasgow outcome score(GOS),cerebral nerve function scale(CPC),European stroke score scale(ESS) and complications were compared between the two groups.
Results The total effective rate of the two groups was 92.06% and 72.58%,respectively(P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no significant difference in serum HIF-1,GFAP and t-PA levels between the two groups.After treatment,serum HIF-1,GFAP and t-PA levels in both groups were significantly improved,and the above indicators in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no significant difference in intracranial pressure and GOS score between the two groups.After treatment,intracranial pressure and GOS scores in both groups were significantly improved,and intracranial pressure was lower than the control group,and GOS scores were higher than the control group(P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no significant difference in CPC and ESS scores between the two groups.After treatment,CPC and ESS scores in both groups were significantly improved,and CPC scores were lower than the control group,and ESS scores were higher than the control group(P<0.05).The total incidence of complications in the two groups was 9.52% and 32.26%,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).
Conclusion Cerebrospinal fluid circulation reconstruction combined with craniocerebral flap decompression in patients with craniocerebral injury has a significant effect,which can effectively improve patients’ intracranial pressure and serum HIF-1,GFAP,t-PA levels,and fewer complications.

Objective To explore the effect of three different surgical methods in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage(HICH) and the risk factors of postoperative rebleeding.
Methods The clinical data of 126 patients with hich from May 2017 to August 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.All the patients were divided into three groups according to the operation mode:the traditional craniotomy group(group A) 30 cases,the small bone window craniotomy group(group B) 46 cases,the minimally invasive hematoma drainage group(Group C) 50 cases.The operation time,hospitalization time,bleeding volume and short-term effect were compared among the groups,and the risk factors of postoperative rebleeding were analyzed.
Results The operation time,hospitalization time and bleeding volume of patients in group B and group C were lower than those in group A;the excellent and good rate of patients in the three groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).By univariate unconditional logistic analysis,systolic blood pressure,bleeding volume,coagulation dysfunction,analgesics and sedatives,GCS score,bleeding site,operation mode and other indicators were correlated with the occurrence of postoperative rebleeding in hich(P<0.05).The results of multivariate unconditional logistic analysis showed that systolic blood pressure > 160mmhg,bleeding volume ≥ 60ml,coagulation dysfunction,no use of analgesics and sedatives,GCS score < 8,bleeding site in basal ganglia,different operation methods and other indicators were independent risk factors for bleeding after hich(P<0.05).
Conclusion Compared with the traditional craniotomy,small bone window hematoma removal and minimally invasive puncture hematoma drainage have the advantages of short operation time,less bleeding,short hospitalization time and low postoperative rebleeding rate;There are many factors of postoperative rebleeding in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.High systolic pressure,large amount of bleeding,coagulation dysfunction and GCS score are the risk factors of postoperative rebleeding.

Objective To investigate correlation between surgery and radiotherapy interval and tumor growth and prognosis in patients with new-glioblastoma.
Methods This retrospective analysis included 80 cases of new glioblastoma undergoing surgical resection from June 2013 to August 2016.They were divided into three groups,<30 days group,30-60 days group,> 60 days group,according to the postoperative radiotherapy interval.The data of the three groups were compared,and the risk of death of the three groups was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method after 3 years of follow-up.The clinical data of the survival group and the death group were compared,and independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of the patients were analyzed using COX regression analysis.
Results During the follow-up of the three groups of patients,one case was lost to follow-up and a total of 3 cases were lost to follow-up.The <30 days group’s 3-year overall survival rate was 46.16%(12/26),and its median survival time was 32(10-36) months.The 30-60 day group’s 3-year overall survival rate was 48.00%(12/25),and its median survival time was 32(9-36) months.The 3-year overall survival rate of the 60-day group was 42.31%(11/26),with a median survival time of 30(8 ～ 36) months.Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the three-year mortality risk between the three groups of patients(log-rank χ2 = 0.046,P= 0.977).Patients in the death group had statistically significant differences in age,KPS score,surgical resection range and survival group(P <0.05).Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that age ≥ 65 years(HR=2.162,95%CI：1.455-4.026,P=0.001),preoperative KPS score < 80 points(HR=1.634,95%CI：1.006-3.241,P=0.003),and partial surgical resection(HR=3.241,95%CI：2.343-5.862,P＜0.001) were risk factors for new GBM deaths(P<0.05).
Conclusion  For patients with new-onset glioblastoma,the interval between postoperative and radiotherapy has no significant effect on the prognosis,but age,KPS score before surgery,and the extent of surgical resection will affect the patient’s poor prognosis.

Objective To observe and compare the efficacy and safety of gefitinib and pemetrexed combined with nedaplatin neoadjuvant in patients with stage ⅢA-N2 EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma.
Methods Eighty-nine patients with stage ⅢA-N2 EGFR mutation lung adenocarcinoma who were newly diagnosed in our hospital from January 2015 to May 2019 were randomly divided into a targeted therapy group（40 cases）with Gefitinib and a chemotherapy group（49 cases）with pemetrexed combined with nedaplatin.Some items were compared by the two groups，including the remission rate，effective rate of histological grade，adverse reactions incidence，the levels of surgical-related clinical indicators，postoperative complications rate，and follow-up survival rate.
Results The remission rate and effective rate of histological grade of the were higher in the gefitinib group than in the chemotherapy group（P<0.05）.The incidence of rash，diarrhea，paronychia，and oral mucositis were higher in the gefitinib group than in the chemotherapy group（P<0.05）.The incidence of nausea，vomiting，and myelosuppression were lower in the gefitinib group than in the chemotherapy group（P<0.05），and the incidence of grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ adverse reactions were lower in the gefitinib group than in the chemotherapy group（P<0.05）.There was no statistical difference in the incidence of transaminase increased and peripheral neuritis between the two groups（P>0.05）.There was no significant difference in surgical resection rate，operation time，intraoperative blood loss，and drainage tube indwelling time between the two groups（P>0.05）.There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications in the two groups（P>0.05）.The median OS was significantly longer in the gefitinib group than in the chemotherapy group（P<0.05）.
Conclusion Compared with chemotherapy，gefitinib for neoadjuvant therapy in treatment of patients with lung adenocarcinoma harboring EGFR mutant at stage ⅢA-N2 stage was effective exactly，reduced the incidence of adverse reactions and significantly prolonged median survival time.

Objective To explore the advantages of continuous suture for gastric tube in endoscopic esophagectomy in shortening the operation time and reducing the postoperative drainage fluid，and to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the suture method.
Methods 70 patients with endoscopic esophagectomy from January 2017 and July 2017 in our hospital for treatment were divided into two groups.35 patients with continuous suture for gastric tube were control group，thirty-five patients with interrupted suture for gastric tube were observation.The effect and postoperative complications were compared and analyzed between the two groups.
Results All of the patients were successfully operated.The time of making gastric tube in control group[(9.17±1.51)min] was reduced compared with the observation group[(17.40±1.14)min，P＜0.05].Meanwhile，the control group had an advantage over the observation group in the operative time[(162.60±8.61)min,(165.51±7.82)min，P＞0.05] and the postoperative drainage fluid[(175.43±70.89)ml，(216.57±94.15)ml，P＜0.05].However，there were no significant differences in length and width of the gastric tube，the intraoperative blood loss，gastric juice on the first postoperative day，gastric juice color change time on the postoperative，chylothorax，hoarseness，lung infection,anastomotic fistula and hospitalization time after surgery(P＞0.05).
Conclusion The application of continuous suture for endoscopic esophageal carcinoma of gastric tube can decrease the time of making tubular stomach and surgery，and the duration of thoracic on the first postoperative day.It is safe and feasible for suture of gastric tube.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy and surgical complications of modified Miccoli surgery and trans-areolar endoscopic thyroid surgery in the treatment of early differentiated thyroid cancer.
Methods The clinical data of 100 patients with early differentiated thyroid cancer were retrospectively analyzed，and patients were divided into the modified Miccoli group and the areola approach group according to the random number table method，50 cases each.The modified Miccoli group used the modified Miccoli technique for subtotal or total resection of thyroid cancer，while the areola approach group used the areola approach for subtotal or total resection of the thyroid cancer.The surgical indicators，pain，aesthetics，pharyngeal discomfort score（RSI），and sound impairment score（VSI），complications，and recurrence and metastasis were compared between the two groups.
Results The modified Miccoli group had shorter operation time，post-extubation time，neck recovery time，and hospital stay time than the areola approach group（P<0.05），and the intraoperative blood loss was less than the areola approach group（P<0.05）.At 12 and 24 hours after surgery，the VAS score of the modified Miccoli group was lower than that of the areola approach group（P<0.05）.In the modified Miccoli group，VSS and PSAS were higher at 1 month after operation than those of the areola approach group（P<0.05），and the VSI at 3 days after operation was lower than that of the areola approach group（P<0.05）.There was no incision infection or permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury after surgery in the two groups.There was no significant difference in the incidence of subcutaneous ecchymosis，numbness of hands and feet，neck discomfort，hoarseness，transient recurrent laryngeal nerve injury，parathyroid injury，and incision bleeding between two groups（P>0.05）.No recurrence，metastasis or death occurred during follow-up in both groups.
Conclusion 〖JP2〗Both the modified Miccoli surgery and the areola endoscopic surgery are safe and effective treatments for early differentiated thyroid cancer.Modified〖JP〗 Miccoli has less damage during operation，faster postoperative recovery，and lower postoperative pain，but leaves an incision in the neck，which is insufficient in aesthetics.Patients with low aesthetic requirements may prefer modified Miccoli surgery for endoscopic surgery.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of preoperative neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and plasma fibrinogen (FIB) levels in the prognosis of operable gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
Methods A total of 85 patients with surgical gastrointestinal stromal tumors who were treated in Huai’an First People’s Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 were selected.NLR and FIB were detected before surgery，and the patients were followed up.The follow-up deadline wasFebruary 2020.The effects of NLR and FIB on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS)，the factors affecting PFS and OS，and the predictive value of NLR combined with FIB on the prognosis of surgical gastrointestinal stromal tumors were observed.
Results The follow-up time of this group of patients was 14～60 months.The average follow-up time was (46.9±6.8) months.A total of 5 patients were lost to follow-up and 10 died.The ROC curve analysis results showed that the areas under the NLR and FIB prediction survival were 0.77 and 0.72.The sensitivity of NLR combined with FIB prediction survival was 68.2% and the specificity was 86.3%.Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank test results showed that the PFS and OS of the high NLR group were shorter than that of the NLR group，and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The PFS and OS of the high FIB group were shorter and the difference was statistically shorter(P<0.05).Multivariate Cox analysis showed that NLR,FIB，and tumor risk were independent factors affecting PFS and OS in patients with operable gastrointestinal stromal tumors (P<0.05).
Conclusion The prognosis of patients with operable gastrointestinal stromal tumors with elevated NLR and FIB is poor.Preoperative NLR and FIB levels can be used to predict the prognosis of patients，and NLR combined with FIB is of high value in predicting the survival rate of gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Objective Comparison of clinicopathological features and prognosis of remnant gastric cancer and gastric cancer recurrence.
Methods 62 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone major gastrectomy from January 2009 to January 2019 in our hospital were selected as the research object，they are divided into gastric cancer group (80 cases) and gastric cancer recurrence group (82 cases).Retrospective analysis of clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis data of two groups of patients.
Results The tumor size，pathological stage，degree of tissue differentiation，distant metastasis and other pathological characteristics of patients with gastric cancer group were significantly better than those with gastric cancer（P＜0.05）.Cox regression analysis was performed，and the results showed that pathological stage，degree of tissue differentiation，and distant metastasis were independent factors affecting the prognosis of patients with residual gastric cancer and gastric cancer recurrence（P＜0.05）.The overall survival time of patients with residual gastric cancer is (43.92±4.33) months，and the overall survival time of patients with recurrent gastric cancer is (25.48±3.71) months.the difference between the two groups is statistically significant（P＜0.05）.
Conclusion The clinical and pathological characteristics of residual gastric cancer are better than those of gastric cancer recurrence，and the survival time of patients with residual gastric cancer is significantly longer than that of patients with gastric cancer recurrence，and the prognosis is better.

Objective To investigate the application of ligation of pseudo hernia sac with Endoclose needle in preventing seroma after laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal direct herniorrhaphy.
Methods 135 cases of inguinal direct hernia were randomly divided into two groups according to the ratio of 1〖DK〗∶2(45 cases in control group and 90 cases in observation group) and laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal herniorrhaphy was performed.Endoclose needle was used to ligate pseudo hernia sac in observation group.All patients were followed up for 1 year.The hospitalization expenses,hospitalization time,operation time,incidence of seroma,postoperative early and chronic pain and hernia recurrence were compared.
Results All the 135 patients completed the operation successfully.The one-year total follow-up rate was 91.85%.There were no statistically significant differences in hospitalization expenses,hospitalization time,postoperative early pain and chronic pain between the two groups.The operation time of the experimental group was slightly longer than that of the blank group.The incidence of seroma and the rate of self-reported hernia area bulge of were significantly lower than those of the blank group,and the differences were statistically significant.No recurrence of hernia was found in all patients.
Conclusion Ligation of pseudo hernia sac with Endoclose needle can effectively prevent the occurrence of seroma after laparoscopic total extraperitoneal direct hernia repair.

Objective To explore the value of preoperative systemic inflammation response index(SIRI) in evaluating the prognosis of patients with gallbladder cancer.
Methods From January 2009 to February 2019,126 patients with gallbladder cancer confirmed by pathology who received surgical treatment in general surgery of Dujiangyan medical center were selected as the study object.The clinical and pathological data of all patients were collected.SIRI was calculated according to the absolute number of of peripheral blood neutrophils,lymphocytes and monocytes before operation.To draw the ROC curve of patients with SIRI to evaluate their postoperative survival status,and to determine the best boundary value by Youden index,and then divide the patients into high SIRI group and low SIRI group.The clinicopathological data of the two groups were compared.Kaplan Meier model was used to analyze the total survival time(OS) of the two groups.The independent risk factors of patients with OS were analyzed by multivariate Cox proportional risk regression model.
Results The best boundary value of SIRI is 1.398 by ROC curve.There were 81 cases in low SIRI group(SIRI <1.398) and 45 cases in high SIRI group(SIRI ≥1.398).There were significant differences in pathological differentiation,Nevin stage,infiltration depth,lymph node metastasis and operation mode between the two groups(P＜0.05).Kaplan Meier analysis showed that OS of high SIRI group was shorter than that in low SIRI group(P＜0.05).Multivariate Cox analysis showed that Nevin stage,lymph node metastasis,operation mode and preoperative SIRI were independent risks factor for OS in patients with gallbladder cancer(P＜0.05).
Conclusion The preoperative SIRI value is an independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients with gallbladder cancer,and it is expected to be an inflammatory marker to predict the postoperative survival status of patients.

Objective To explore the effect of mixed reality technology in the treatment of elderly osteoporotic thoracolumbar spine compression fractures.
Methods 66 elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures were randomly selected from our hospital,which were randomly divided into two groups，33 in the experimental group and 33 in the control group.Percutaneous kyphoplasty was used in both groups.The experimental group was assisted by mixed reality equipment in the treatment，while the control group was traditional.Calculate the date of operation time，blood loss，accuracy of working cannula placement，number of fluoroscopy，bone cement leakage，and rehabilitation scores before and after treatment.
Results Through the reconstruction of three-dimensional model，the injection point can be accurately located and the operation process can be accurately guided.The operation time，the number of fluoroscopy times，and the leakage rate of bone cement in the experimental group were (38.97±7.81) min，(15.59±6.78) times，and 9.09%，respectively，which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(48.34±10.71) min，(29.39±9.19) times，and 27.27%].The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The Cobb  was (9.52±2.51)° in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group [(7.33±2.42)°],there was statistical significance (P<0.05).There were no significant differences and no statistical significance in other data(P>0.05).
Conclusion The application of MR technology in the treatment of elderly osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures can effectively promote doctor-patient communication，reduce the number of fluoroscopy，shorten the operation time，restore Cobb angle better，and reduce the rate of bone cement leakage，which shows a broad application prospect.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of extraforaminal lumbar interbody fusion(ELIF) technique in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases.
Methods Data of 18 patients of lumbar degenerative diseases were treated by bilateral fixation via ELIF technique in the department of spinal surgery of our hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative complications,visual analogue scale(VAS),JOA score and imaging examination of lumbar pain,all patients were followed up before operation,1 week,3 months,6 months and 1 year after operation to evaluate the curative effect.According to the CT,the intervertebral fusion was evaluated.
Results All the 18 patients were followed up successfully.The average operation time was(91.06±5.08)min,and the intraoperative blood loss was(131.89±8.65)ml.Compared with preoperative parameters,the scores of VAS and ODI decreased significantly at the final follow-up(P<0.05).No serious complications such as nerve injury and dural rupture occurred postoperatively.One patient was stimulated by traction and relieved after symptomatic treatment for 1 week.At the last follow-up,no cage displacement,subsidence and internal fixation failure were found.According to bridewell evaluation standard,all the patients achieved grade I-Ⅱ fusion,and the average time of bone graft fusion was 6.5 months.
Conclusion The ELIF technique for bilateral fixation in the treatment of some lumbar degenerative diseases has ideal curative effect,can reduce surgical trauma.It is in line with the concept of rapid rehabilitation and is worthy of further promotion and application.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of flexible ureteroscopy and microchannel percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in the treatment of upper ureteral calculi.
Methods A total of 86 cases of upper ureteral calculi admitted to our hospital from June 2017 to March 2020 were grouped by digital odd-even method.The ureteroscope group(43 cases):the ureteroscope was selected to complete the treatment of upper ureteral calculi.In the percutaneous nephrolithotomy group(43 cases):microchannel percutaneous nephrolithotripsy was selected to complete the treatment of upper ureteral calculi.Postoperative hospital stay,intraoperative blood loss,comfort score and VAS score were compared between groups.
Results The postoperative hospitalization days(2.73±0.55) d and intraoperative blood loss(4.13±1.29) ml of patients with upper ureteral calculi in the flexible ureteroscope group were shorter than those in the percutaneous nephrolithotomy group(5.19±0.79) d and(13.65±2.22) ml,respectively(P<0.05).The comfort score(3.76±0.53) and the VAS score(0.92±0.63) of the patients with upper ureteral calculi in the flexible ureteroscope group were significantly higher than and lower than that in the percutaneous nephrolithotomy group(2.82±0.51) and(2.07±0.96),respectively(P<0.05).There was no statistical significance between the two groups.In the flexible ureteroscope group,there was Icase of postoperative fever,which was improved after anti-infection treatment,and there was no transfer operation,In the microchannel percutaneous nephroscopy group,there was no bleeding requiring intervention or serious infection complications.
Conclusion The long-term stone clearing rates of the two groups were similarThe effective application of ureteroscope can significantly shorten the postoperative hospital stay of patients with upper ureteral calculi,effectively reduce intraoperative blood loss,improve comfort and reduce pain.

Objective To compare the accuracy of 3D-Slicer software and traditional manual measuring method in preoperative localization of intracranial lesions.
Methods 40 patients diagnosed with intracranial lesions(brain tumors,cerebral hemorrhage,traumatic brain injury,foreign bodies,aneurysm,etc).and met the inclusion criteria were selected in our research.The image data of the patients were collected and analyzed by 3D-Slicer software on personal computers,resulting in visual data of three dimensional reconstruction.Then the data were imported into the mobile phone software “Sina”.The data was generated and applied in preoperative localization by the virtual reality(VR) glasses.At the same time,the traditional manual measuring method with the help of two dimensionalimage data and markers were applied during surgery.Finally,the accuracy of the two methods were measured and analysed.
Results Among the 40 cases,the preoperative localizations using the 3D-Slicer software was closer to intracranial lesions,with a mean distance of (0.24±0.14)cm from the center of the intracranial lesion.On the other hand,using traditional manual measuring method,the preoperative localizations were with a mean distance of (0.48±0.30)cm from the center of the intracranial lesion,the difference between the two methods was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no damage to brain functional areas or important vascular structures in all the cases.
Conclusion Compared with the traditional manual measuring method,the localization using 3D-Slicer software is more accurate and convenient in preoperativelocalization.

Patients with critical neurological diseases are prone to or complicated with intracranial infection due to primary diseases and/or complications.Intracranial infection significantly increases the morbidity and mortality of patients with critical neurological diseases.The risk of intracranial infection is higher in critical neurological patients than those in general ward.The common risk factors for intracranial infection includes advanced age，long operation time，multiple operations，cerebrospinal fluid leakage，open wounds，etc.The diagnostic criteria of intracranial infection include etiological diagnostic criteria and clinical diagnostic criteria，and the detection of cerebrospinal fluid etiology and related biomarkers is also of great significance for the diagnosis of bacterial intracranial infection.The treatment of intracranial infection has its particularity and therapeutic characteristics，including early initiation of empirical antimicrobial therapy，timely adjustment according to drug sensitivity results，selection of antimicrobial agents that are easy to cross the blood-brain barrier，recommendation of intravenous administration，long-term treatment，intrathecal drug delivery，etc.Surgical treatment and symptomatic support treatment are also very important.It’s important to prevent the occurrence of intracranial infection from every clinical details.

The Da Vinci single-site surgical platform (DVSSP) is the newly developing minimally invasive surgery system after laparoscope.It has 3D vision，flexible operation，tremor filtration and other advantages.Due to the successful application in the operation of gastric fundus folding，Heller myotomy and the weight loss surgery，Da Vinci robot surgical system is gradually being applied in the treatment of gastric cancer.Compared with laparoscopy，the robot system has advantages on the difficult problems like lymphadenectomy and digestive tract reconstruction，but its longer operation time and the higher cost of operation remains to be solved.At last，more research needs to be done on the long-term curative effect.