Abstract: Complete surgical removal of invasive pituitary tumors(APT) is extremely difficult,and forced complete removal may pose significant risks.In order to preserve neural function,ensure the safety of surgery,and reduce complications,tumor residues often occur after APT.Residual tumors can be treated with stereotactic radiosurgery(SRS),especially gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery(GKRS).This article reviews the necessity,effectiveness,safety,and application prospects of GKRS as an important method for treating residual tumors after APT.

Key words: gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery, pituitary adenoma；cavernous sinus