Abstract: Objective To investigate the defecation status and quality of life of patients after anterior resection of rectal cancer，and to analyze the related factors of anterior resection syndrome.Methods From May 2010 to May 2016，a total of 100 cases of patients with rectal cancer who underwent anterior rectal resection in Nanjing Hospital of TCM were followed up.Patients were asked to fill in LARS score form and EORTC qlq-c30（V3.0）quality of life scale.A total of 85 cases of complete data were obtained.According to LARS score table，patients were divided into two groups，major anterior resection syndrome and no/minor anterior resection syndrome，to compare the quality of life of two groups and analyze relevant factors.Results A total of 45/85 patients（52.9%）with anterior resection syndrome were diagnosed.These included 30/85 patients with major anterior resection syndrome（35.3%）and 15/85 patients with minor anterior resection syndrome（17.6%）.The incidence rate of each symptom of preoperative resection syndrome was tenesmus（69.4%）> urgency of defecation（57.7%）> incontinence of gas（52.9%）> frequency of defecation（42.4%）> incontinence of liquid（38.8%）>  constipation（11.7%）.Compare major anterior resection syndrome，no/minor anterior resection syndrome in patients with EORTC QLQ C30-score：in the overall level of health，all the function dimension，physical function，role function，emotional function，cognitive function，social function，fatigue，diarrhea differences statistically significant（P<0.05），quality of life of patients with major anterior resection syndrome significantly worse.Age，the distance between the lower margin of the tumor and the anal margin，and radiotherapy were risk factors for major anterior resection syndrome after anterior resection of rectal cancer（P<0.05），but none of them were independent risk factors（P>0.05）.Conclusion The quality of life of patients after anterior resection is closely related to the occurrence of anterior resection syndrome，and the quality of life of patients with major anterior resection syndrome is poor.Patients with advanced age，low anastomotic site and radiation therapy are more likely to develop major anterior resection syndrome.

Key words: rectal cancer, anterior resection, quality of life, related factors