Abstract: [Abstract]〓Objective〖WTBZ〗〓To explore the application value of the threedimensional（3D）imaging system in the diagnosis and treatment of complex hepatolithiasis.〖WTHZ〗Methods〖WTBZ〗〓The clinical data of 40 cases of complex hepatolithiasis were analyzed retrospectively.3D evaluation，surgical planning and simulated operation were conducted on the basis of MDCT and MRCP to guide the actual operation.Statistical analysis was performed to compare the consistency between the intraoperative and the preoperative evaluation，the actual surgical protocols and its compliance with the preoperative surgical planning，the operative time，the intraoperative blood loss，the incidence of complications and the perioperative mortality.〖WTHZ〗Results〖WTBZ〗〓The 3Dimages of all 40 cases were successfully obtained.The intraoperative findings were consistent with the preoperative 3D images，and the consistency between the actual surgical plan and the surgical planning was 97.5%（39/40）.1 patient refused to undergo lobectomy and 3 patients had extensive choledocholithiasis.36 cases were confirmed to be free of stone remnants by cholangiography or Bultrasonography after operation.The recurrence rate of stones in 1 year was 8.3%（3/36）.〖WTHZ〗Conclusion〖WTBZ〗〓The 3D evaluation system can clearly show the distribution of intrahepatic stones and the spatial relationship with the biliary system，adjacent liver tissue and blood vessels，which is conducive to the preoperative accurate evaluation of complex hepatolithiasis and the formulation of individualized and reasonable surgical plans.