Abstract: Chronic mastitis is a benign inflammatory condition of the breast with unknown etiology，which can be easily misdiagnosed as carcinoma.Timely diagnosis and treatment are critical to improve the prognosis.As one of the main treatment，surgical intervention at the right time can have a positive therapeutic effect.Therefore，this article will emphasize on surgical treatment as well as the appropriate timing to provide help for dealing with this disease.

Key words: mastitis, indication, operation opportunity