Abstract: [Abstract] The rapid changes of tissuetyping technology，including the widely used of highly specific molecular typing methods and solid phase analysis technology for detection of alleles specific antiHLA antibodies，promoted the selection of organ transplant recipients to a more accurate level and promoted the scientific development of organ transplant matching.At present，the graft survival rate has been greatly improved through the prevention and treatment of Tcellmediated rejection（TCMR），but the humoral immune response，the main cause of late graft loss，is still not effectively controlled.Describing HLA antigens as a series of antibody targets，or epitopes，relative to serological response patterns or precise amino acid sequences，may provide a better HLA matching system，combined with clinical practice to help avoid antibodymediated rejection（AMR），reduce sensitization after transplantation，and select the most appropriate organs to avoid preexisting antibodies in the case of persisting HLA antibody positive recipients choosing.The following contents，in the background of the study of tissue matching，describe the HLA epitopes system and its potential role in transplantation，and explore the potential significance of HLA epitope matching in the clinical practice of renal transplantation.

Key words: Human leukocyte antigen, kidney transplantation, tissue typing