Abstract: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignant tumor of the male urinary and reproductive systems,with its incidence and mortality rates steadily increasing worldwide.Enhancing early detection of PCa and refining surgical treatment methods are crucial for improving cure rates,extending survival,and enhancing quality of life.Prostate biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing PCa,utilizing approaches such as transrectal,transperineal,and multi-imaging guided fusion-targeted techniques.Surgical intervention is a key treatment modality for PCa,with radical prostatectomy (RP) serving as the gold standard for managing localized disease.This paper reviews recent advancements in surgical techniques for prostate cancer,aiming to provide clinical practitioners with updated guidance.

Key words: prostate cancer, aspiration biopsy, radical prostatectomy, surgical operation