Abstract: Objective To explore the differential value of combined detection of serum microRNA-134-5p(miR-134-5p) and microRNA-181a-5p(miR-181a-5p) in benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.Methods A total of 124 patients with pulmonary nodules who were treated in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were collected as the study subjects.According to pathological results,they were grouped into a benign group of 62 cases and a malignant group of 62 cases;real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR) was applied to measure serum levels of miR-134-5p and miR-181a-5p;Pearson was applied to analyze the correlation between serum miR-134-5p and miR-181a-5p;multivariate Logistic regression was applied to analyze the influencing factors of malignant pulmonary nodules in patients;receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC) was applied to evaluate the value of serum miR-134-5p and miR-181a-5p in distinguishing between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules in patients.Results The serum levels of miR-134-5p and miR-181a-5p in patients with malignant pulmonary nodules were obviously lower than those in the benign group(P＜0.05);there was a positive correlation between serum miR-134-5p level and miR-181a-5p level in patients with pulmonary nodules(r=0.547，P＜0.05);the serum levels of miR-134-5p and miR-181a-5p in patients with malignant pulmonary nodules were correlated with lymph node metastasis and nodule diameter(P＜0.05);miR-134-5p and miR-181a-5p were independent protective factors for malignant pulmonary nodules in patients,while nodule diameter was an independent risk factor(P＜0.05);ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC) for combined diagnosis of serum miR-134-5p and miR-181a-5p levels was 0.931,both of which were superior to their individual differentiation(P＜0.05).Conclusion The serum levels of miR-134-5p and miR-181a-5p in patients with malignant pulmonary nodules are obviously lower than those in benign patients.The combined detection of the two has important value in distinguishing between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.

Key words: micro RNA-134-5p; micro RNA-181a-5p; benign pulmonarynodul; malignant pulmonary nodul; distinguish