Abstract: Objective:To investigate the effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty（PVP）with selfcuring calcium phosphate cement（CPC）on pain and quality of life in elderly patients with painful osteoporotic lumbar fractures（OVCF）.Methods:127 cases of elderly patients with painful thoracolumbar OVCF were randomly divided into two groups：group A（n=65）was treated with CPC and PVP system，group B（n=62）was treated with polymethyl methacrylate（PMMA）and PVP system.The postoperative complications were compared.The Oswestry Disability Index（ODI），pain Visual Analogue Scale（VAS），Qualitative Quality of Life Assessment 41（QUALEFFO41）scores were evaluated before and after surgery，the vertebral morphology was determined and compared.Results:At 3 days，1 month，3 months，6 months and 12 months' final followup，the VAS scores of both groups were significantly lower than before surgery（P<0.05），but there was no significant difference between group A and group B（P>0.05）.ODI and QUALEFFO41 scores at 1 month，6 months and final followup in the two groups were significantly lower than before surgery（P<0.05），the scores of group A were lower than group B at 6 months the final followup（P<0.05）.The anterior height of compressed vertebral body in both groups was significantly increased after surgery，and the Cobb angle of kyphosis was significantly decreased（P<0.05），but there was no significant difference between the two groups（P>0.05）.There was no significant difference in the leakage rate of bone cement between the two groups（P>0.05）.The fracture rate in the adjacent vertebral body in group A was 1.54%，significantly lower than 9.68% in group B（P<0.05）.Conclusion:PVP filling with CPC can effectively relieve the pain symptoms of elderly patients with painful thoracolumbar OVCF，improve vertebral body deformity，promote functional rehabilitation and improve their quality of life.

Key words: osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures, percutaneous vertebroplasty, calcium phosphate cement, pain